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agilent technologies description the agilent adcm-1650 ultra compact cmos camera module is an advanced, low-power cif resolution camera component for embedded applications. the camera module combines an agilent cmos image sensor and image processing pipeline with a high-quality lens to deliver images in jpeg format (optional) that are ready for storage or transmission. output data can be transmitted using a serial or parallel port. the adcm-1650 camera module features a quality, integral lens in a tightly integrated sensor and image processing design. the camera module is optimized for use in a variety of embedded applications, from cell phones and handheld wireless devices to image-enabled appliances and automotive design. incorporating an optional ccir 656- compatible 8-bit parallel interface, or a jpeg or ycbcr interface (serial or parallel), the adcm-1650 supports industry-leading data resolutions as well as subsampling. the adcm-1650 camera module also supports a range of programmable modes, including support for embedded or external synchronization capabilities which extend design flexibility. features ? 352 x 288 cif resolution bayer color filters ? blue, red and green frame rate ? 15 frames per second at cif resolution flexible orientation programmable to many image formats: cif (352 x 288) qvga (320 x 240) qcif (176 x 144) qqvga (160 x 120) qqcif (88 x 72) any other format 352 x 352 or smaller panning and digital zoom window can be placed anywhere in the 352 x 352 array low power ? 80 mw typical at 13 mhz input clock high intrinsic sensitivity for enhanced low light performance single 2.8v power supply with internal voltage regulation high-quality f/2.6 lens direct jpeg or ycbcr 8-bit parallel output port (ccir 656-compatible) embedded synchronization capability ? ccir 656 horizontal/vertical mirroring and subsampling optimized temperature performance excellent image quality ? jpeg based compression with selectable quantization tables fully configurable image processing automatic gathering of frame statistics, including histograms for each color channel automatic adjustment of compression rate for constant image file size image resizer auto exposure and auto white balance integrated ir filter compact size ? 8.5 x 8.0 x 7.9 mm with cover glass applications mobile phones video phones personal digital assistants digital still mini cameras image-enabled appliances embedded automotive monitoring equipment agilent ADCM-1650-3011 cif resolution cmos camera module data sheet
2 general specifications optical specifications feature value output format 8-bit parallel ycbcr ccir 656-compliant 8-bit parallel ycbcr or rgb or jpeg serial ycbcr or jpeg maximum frame rates 15 fps at 352 x 288 (cif) image modes grayscale and full color ycbcr (yuv) formats 4:4:4 ycbcr and 4:2:2 y 1 cb 12 y 2 cr 12 gamma correction 33 value programmable interpolated table data synchronization end_of_line, end_of_frame, data_clock video synchronization hsync, vsync, vclk serial control identification 0 x 50 supply voltage requirements 2.65 - 3.1 v external clock frequency 4 - 32 mhz power consumption 80 mw typical, 1.5mw in low power mode scene illumination (minimum) 5 lux function description pixel count 352 x 352 (programmable: 352 x 288 landscape mode; 288 x 352 portrait mode) pixel size 4.9 3 m x 4.9 3 m effective fill factor ~ 80% ir filter integrated lens type plastic singlet aspheric focal length 1.85 mm f/# 2.6 focus fixed focus depth of focus 100 mm to infinity field of view 55 full angle (horizontal in landscape mode, vertical in portrait mode) distortion 4%
3 adcm-1650 camera module data sheet block diagram the adcm-1650 camera module is a complete image processing system. ADCM-1650-3011 block diagram description function description a/d converter converts analog pixel output voltages to 8-bit digital values auto exposure adjusts the image sensor exposure for the amount of light present in the window using both exposure time and pixel gain auto white balance accommodates the slight color shifts that affect white in different kinds of light (daylight, fluorescent, incandescent). the camera module performs white balancing by digitally changing the gain ratio of the red, blue and green channels and by adjusting the color balancing matrix. white objects in the window always look white in the final image. camera controller overall functions of the camera module are centrally controlled by the camera controller ccir 656 control determines the logic levels and which type of synchronization codes to use ccir 656 output accomplished by using the parallel port with ccir 656 formatted data. data can be output with either external horizontal and vertical synchronization signals, or by using embedded synchronization codes. clock ? pll allows very fine control over the system and image sensor clock speeds color balance physical properties of the optics dictate that images from the sensor are not perfectly matched to the human eye. this block improves the color fidelity of the image and increases saturation. color space conversion programmable color space conversion function to convert rgb values to different color spaces (default is rgb to ycbcr) data, control dem osaic color balance gamma correction ccir 656 pixel correction down sampling image processor clock ? pll colorspace conversion mclk voltage regulation or ycbcr 4:2:2 only configuration registers serial control interface sclk jpeg or parallel serial any format v cc gnd image statistics jpeg control camera controller timing control auto exposure pixel color gain ratios auto white balance pixel gains ccir 656 control test generator rgb ycbcr image sensor pixel array a/d converter sensor controller window size control sizer sensor config registers d0 - d7 d7 sdata f2.6 lens
4 configuration registers controls all camera module features demosaic performs color interpolation to produce all three (red, blue and green) color components for each pixel location down-sampling data is sent in either 4:4:4 mode (no down sampling) or 4:2:2 mode (chrominance down sampled) gamma correction pixel values acquired from the image sens or are a linear function of the light present in the frame. for computer monitors, the intensity produced by the display is a non-linear function of the pixel value and is characterized by a ?gamma? curve. the gamma corrects the image data for display and can also make corrections to the contrast of the image. sizer allows the output size of the image to be different than the input size without changing the field of view. this is done using a sizer circuit which interpolates the new data values from the image sensor pixels down to smaller images. image statistics registers contain data for each color plane, are used by the auto exposure and auto white balance functions and are also readable jpeg compression once the image is converted into ycbcr color space, it can then be compressed with baseline dct jpeg compression. to reduce the amount of data transmitted, the camera module does not transmit the jpeg jfif header, but an index to the q-table used in the compression. jpeg control determines the degree of jpeg compression lens high quality f/2.6 single element lens parallel output outputs data using a parallel port with a data clock pixel array image sensor consists of a 352 x 352 pixel array which can be read in portrait (288 x 352) or landscape (352 x 288) mode. the array can be windowed to any smaller dimension and can also be mirrored in both the horizontal and vertical directions. pixel color gain ratios controlled by the auto white balance function, these ratios set the differential gains of the color channels pixel correction reduces the effects of pixel mismatch pixel gain analog gain controlled by the auto exposure block sensor controller controls the interface between the image sensor and the image processor sensor configuration registers controls detailed functions of the image sensor; programming of these registers is done through four image pipeline registers serial control interface camera module registers are programmed using this interface test generator generates color bars and other patterns to test the image processor timing control exposure control for the image sensor with exposure in row times voltage regulation internal voltage regulators window size control allows the image sensor output to be windowed to any location on the image sensor. beginning and ending rows and columns can be specified, allowing the window to be any size, in any location. ADCM-1650-3011 block diagram description (continued) function description
5 adcm-1650 camera module data sheet image data flow the following table shows the flow of data from the sensor, through the image pipeline and out of the camera module. . function description settings / options image data from the image sensor raw data from the image sensor is input into the image processor auto exposure adjusts image sensor gain and exposure time to meet target average pixel luminance enable/disable using the aewb_auto and aewb_status registers auto white balance equalizes average pixel luminance among color channels statistics collects image statistics such as peak values, pixel sums and histograms on a one- to-many frame basis enable/disable using the stat_cap_cntl and stat_mode_cntl registers pixel correction corrects pixel values for mismatched pixels enable/disable using the cfg_main2 register demosaic converts raw bayer pattern pixel data into red, green and blue image planes color balance adjusts for the color filter response of the image sensor use default or custom color correction matrices gamma correction applies a non-linear transfer function to the image data select bottom-weighted or linear lookup table using the cfg_main1 register; use default or custom table sizer interpolates the image to a smaller size select input and output height and width using the szr_in_w, szr_in_h, szr_out_w, szr_out_h registers color space conversion converts rgb data to the desired color space use default (rgb to ycbcr) or custom conversion matrices down sampling reduces the resolution of the chrominance data to compress data select down sampling mode (grayscale, 4:4:4 or 4:2:2) using the cfg_main1 register data output data is output using the ccir parallel port, or the serial or parallel port with ycbcr data or jpeg compression; output is programmable select modes using the ccir_timing, ccir_config, y_max, y_min, cbcr_max, cbcr_min, cfg_main1 and cfg_main2 registers
6 electrical specifications the descriptions in square brackets are the pin definitions when in jpeg mode. the unbracketed descriptions are for parallel/ccir mode, absolute maximum ratings parameter symbol minimum typical maximum units notes storage temperature t s -40 85 c operating temperature t a -25 65 c humidity rh 5 95 % non-condensing supply voltage v cc -0.5 3.3 v esd 2 kv all pins, human body model mil 883 method 3015 input voltage v in -0.02 3.3 v all input pins recommended operating conditions parameter symbol minimum typical maximum units notes operating temperature t a -25 25 65 c v cc voltage v cc 2.65 2.8 3.15 v v cc rise time v cc_rt 10 ms v cc supply noise v cc_n 50 mv vp-p within 0 - 1.5 khz external clock frequency duty cycle mclk 4 45 13 50 32 55 mhz % serial control clock frequency sclk 100 100 khz minimum mclk = 4 mhz dc electrical specifications (typical values at 25 c, v cc = 2.8 v) parameter symbol minimum typical maximum units notes supply current (normal mode) i cc 26 ma at 13 mhz supply current (low power) i cc 500 3 a power-on, mclk stopped supply current (power off) i cc 5 3 aon/off = off all pins except s_clk and sdata input low voltage v il 0.6 v input high voltage v ih 1.8 2.8 v output low voltage v ol 00.4v output high voltage v oh 1.8 v
7 adcm-1650 camera module data sheet input low current i il < - 5 < 5 3 a at 0.0 v input high current i ih < - 5 < 5 3 a at 2.5 v s_clk and sdata input low voltage v il_s 0.6 v input high voltage v ih_s 2.2 3.6 v output low voltage v ol_s 0.4 v at 3 ma sink current output high voltage v oh_s v output voltage depends on external pull-up resistor and v cc value ac electrical specifications (typical values at 25 c, v cc = 2.8 v) parameter symbol minimum typical maximum units notes video clock frequency v clk 4 13 32 mhz programmable frame rate 15 frame/s programmable on/off rise time t of 40 mv/ 3 s slew rate data output (data_[7:0], vclk, hsync, vsync) rise time t dr 1.9 2.9 4.2 ns v oh = 2.4 v fall time t df 2.1 3.1 4.3 ns v oh = 2.4 v s_clk, s_data rise time t dcr ns depends on external pull-up resistor, v cc value, line capacitance fall time t dcf 20 250 ns input pin capacitance c in 5.2 pf dc electrical specifications (typical values at 25 c, v cc = 2.8 v) (continued) parameter symbol minimum typical maximum units notes
8 pinout mating connector: molex 52892-1890 location signal name type description notes 1 gnd common system ground 2 mclk input module clock 3 vsync output vertical synchronization [end_of_frame] 4 data0 output parallel data 0 5 data1 output parallel data 1 6 data2 output parallel data 2 7 data3 output parallel data 3 8 data4 output parallel data 4 9 data5 output parallel data 5 10 data6 output parallel data 6 11 data7 output parallel data 7 12 vclk output video clock [data_ready] 13 hsync output horizontal synchronization [end_of_line] 14 on/off input voltage regulator control 15 sclk input serial interface control clock 16 sdata input/output serial interface control data 17 v cc input voltage input 18 gnd common system ground pin 1
9 adcm-1650 camera module data sheet power up timing parameter symbol minimum units notes v cc to on ! t on 0ms on ! to mclk on t m_clk 30 ms mclk on to first serial communication t setup 2048 cycles of mclk time from v cc off to v cc on t vccoff 600 ms mclk serial control interface ... ... ... ... on v cc ... ... ... ... t mclk t setup t vccoff current draw vs. mclk 10 20 30 40 50 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 clock speed (mhz) current draw (ma) current draw vs. window size 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 cif qcif qqcif qvga qqvga window size programmed current draw ( ma ) @ 13 mh z
10 vclk timing data is asserted on the rising edge of vclk (default) but can be programmed using the camera module registers to be asserted on the falling edge. vclk, hsync timing vclk data[7:0] hsync vsync vclk hsync first active data mclk ... ... data[7:0] cb 01 cr 01 y 0 y 1 y 2 00 y 3 cb 23 y n 00 cr n-1n ... ...
11 adcm-1650 camera module data sheet serial control pads equivalent circuits i/o pad equivalent circuits 2.8v to 3.3v esd diode stack i/o pad pad power pad 1.8v shunt 1.8v 2.8v 2.8v shunt input device
12 camera orientation to take pictures ?right side up?, orient the camera as shown below. the image can be electronically flipped horizontally, vertically or both. mechanical drawings 4.23 1.20 7.68 6.73 8.00 9.50 4.00 2 - ? 1.20 4.25 6.60 0.70 0.70 1.00 1.00 r 5.50 8.00 4.50 1.00 8.50 4.25 1.40 0.90 22.63 ref 12.96 ref 1.35 polyamide stiffiner pin 1 ? 8.00 5.72 1.96 0.046 0.030 5.27 0.030 0.030
13 adcm-1650 camera module data sheet programmable registers the adcm-1650 camera module has programmable registers in the image pipeline ic and the image sensor ic. see ? serial control interface ? in the adcm-1650 camera module technical reference manual for details on usage and programming of these registers. image pipeline registers mnemonic description mnemonic description ae_target auto exposure target cc_offset_0 color correction offset 0 ae_tol auto exposure tolerance cc_offset_1 color correction offset 1 aewb_auto auto-exposure/white balance function cc_offset_2 color correction offset 2 aewb_ctrl auto functions contro l ccir_config ccir configuration aewb_status auto-exposure/white balance status ccir_timing ccir timing control aps_coef_blue blue color gain coefficient cfg_main1 main configuration 1 aps_coef_grn1 green 1 color gain coefficient cfg_main2 main configuration 2 aps_coef_grn2 green 2 color gain coefficient csc_coef_00 color space conversion coefficient 00 aps_coef_red red color gain coefficient csc_coef_01 color space conversion coefficient 01 aps_dm_config sensor data mode csc_coef_02 color space conversion coefficient 02 awb_blue_dflt default blue/green ratio csc_coef_10 color space conversion coefficient 10 awb_blue_max maximum blue/green ratio csc_coef_11 color space conversion coefficient 11 awb_blue_min minimum blue/green ratio csc_coef_12 color space conversion coefficient 12 awb_red_dflt default red/green ratio csc_coef_20 color space conversion coefficient 20 awb_red_max maximum red/green ratio csc_coef_21 color space conversion coefficient 21 awb_red_min minimum red/green ratio csc_coef_22 color space conversion coefficient 22 awb_tol auto white balance tolerance csc_offset_0 color space conversion offset 0 blue_sum blue sum data csc_offset_1 color space conversion offset 1 cbcr_max clip cbcr values to this maximum c sc_offset_2 color space conversion offset 2 cbcr_min clip cbcr values to this maximum etime_default default exposure time cc_coef_00 color correction coefficient 00 etime_max maximum exposure time cc_coef_01 color correction coefficient 01 etime_min minimum exposure time cc_coef_02 color correction coefficient 02 ext_clk_div external clock divisor cc_coef_10 color correction coefficient 10 g1_g2_thresh green filter threshold cc_coef_11 color correction coefficient 11 gain_max maximum gain cc_coef_12 color correction coefficient 12 gain_min minimum gain cc_coef_20 color correction coefficient 20 green1_sum green 1 sum data cc_coef_21 color correction coefficient 21 green2_sum green 2 sum data cc_coef_22 color correction coefficient 22 half_ac_cycle one half ac cycle time exposure
14 i_height current image height (read only) restart jpeg restart marker interval i_width current image width (read only) rev revision neg_clip_cnt negative clip count sensor_address sensor interface address ofl_threshold auto q adjust overflow threshold sensor_ctrl sensor interface control one_ac_cycle one ac cycle time exposure sensor_data1 sensor interface data word 1 p_output_speed parallel output data speed sensor_data2 sensor interface data word 2 pc_bad_pix number of bad pixels, current frame ser_ctrl_tmg serial control timing pc_outl pixel control outliers ssc_period sensor serial clock period pc_sf_ped pixel control scale factor, pedestal stat_cap_ctrl image statistics capture control peak_data peak sensor data stat_mode_ctrl image statistics mode control pll_ctrl pll control status general image pipeline status pll_divby pll divby coefficient szr_in_h sizer input height pll_m pll m coefficient szr_in_w sizer input width pll_pcnt0 pll p0 coefficient szr_out_h sizer output height pll_pcnt1 pll p1 coefficient szr_out_w sizer output width pll_qcnt pll qcnt coefficient t_dgen_h test data generator height (pixels) pll_sum pll sum coefficient t_dgen_m test data generator mode control pos_clip_cnt positive clip count t_dgen_w test data generator width (pixels) q_table_select index to jpeg q-tables two_ac_cycles two ac cycle time exposure qtable_sel_max maximum value of qtable_select ufl_threshold auto q adjust underflow threshold qtable_sel_min minimum value of qtable_select y_max clip y values to this maximum red_sum red sum data y_min clip y values to this minimum image pipeline registers (continued) mnemonic description mnemonic description
15 adcm-1650 camera module data sheet image sensor registers mnemonic description mnemonic description config configuration orocpga odd row, odd column pga gain config_2 configuration 2 prst preset pulse width control control control rowexph row exposure high erecpga even row, even column pga gain rowexpl row exposure low erocpga even row, odd column pga gain srowexp sub row exposure error errors status status fwcol first window column tctrl timing control fwrow first window row test0 test control 0 hblank horizontal blank test1 test control 1 ictrl interface control test2 test control 2 ident identification test3 test control 3 itmg interface timing test4 test control 4 lwcol last window column test5 test control 5 lwrow last window row vblank vertical blank orecpga odd row, even column pga gain
agilent technologies www.agilent.com /semiconductors for product information and a complete list of distributors, please go to our web site. for technical assistance call: americas/canada: +1 (800) 235-0312 or +1 (408) 654-8675 europe: +49 (0) 6441 92460 china: 10800 650 0017 hong kong: (+65) 271 2451 india, australia, new zealand: (+65) 271 2394 japan: (+81 3) 3335-8152 (domestic/international) or 0120-61-1280 (domestic only) korea:(+85) 271 2194 malaysia, singapore:(+65) 271 2054 taiwan:(+65) 271 2654 data subject to change. copyright ? 2003 agilent technologies, inc may 13, 2003 5988-8934en

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